PMC

Global greenhouse gases emission (in %) (adapted from IPCC report 2007) (F-gases = fluorinated gas (hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3)

a Aluminum trifluoride structure for dUTPase (PDB: 4di8). UMP (cyan) coordinates aluminum (grey) with in-line water (red) and with PO₄⁼ adjacent to the leaving O^3A. Two magnesiums (green spheres) are located by coordination to the reactants and to four carboxylate residues (amino acids in grey). b Cartoon showing octahedral aluminum trifluoride sharing the tbp coordination of the true TS for a phosphoryl group (colors: nucleoside, cyan; magnesium, green sphere; aluminum, grey; sodium, purple; amino acids, silver; nitrogen, blue; oxygen, red)
(Figure adapted from [])

Non-standard bond types in PubChem. a Ionic bond between sodium and sulfur in sodium thiopental (CID 23665410); b Complex bond between nitrogen atoms and Fe(II) represented as Fe²⁺ in heme b (CID 4973); c Dative bond between boron and oxygen in boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (CID 517922). Contrary to other annotations of this bond type, in PubChem, the participating atoms do not get assigned charges

Landmark protein structures with a fourfold range of MF_x octahedral tetrafluoroaluminate, tbp aluminum trifluoride and trifluoromagnesate, and tetrahedral trifluoroberyllate complexes. a Transducin α with GDP coordinated to AlF₄ ^– and catalytic magnesium (PDB: 1tad at 1.7 Å). b Myosin with ADP coordinated to tetrahedral BeF₃ ^– and Mg_cat (PDB: 1mmd at 2.0 Å). c Ras·RasGAP with GDP coordinated to tbp AlF₃⁰ and Mg_cat (PDB: 1wq1 at 2.5 Å). d RhoA·RhoGAP with GDP coordinated to tbp MgF₃ ^– and Mg_cat (PDB: 1ow3 at 1.7 Å) (colors: aluminum, grey; beryllium, lime; surrogate magnesium, magenta; Mg_cat, green; fluorine, light blue; nucleotides, yellow; key amino acids, silver; nitrogen, blue; oxygen, red)